Texas legislature authorizes counties to employ jail inmates in public works and to lease them to private employers, with all profits going to county treasuries.
November 8, 1889
A young Black man named Orion “Owen” Anderson is lynched in Leesburg, Virginia, for frightening a white girl by wearing a sack on his head.
November 7, 1931
Fisk University dean and student die from injuries sustained in a car accident after segregated Georgia hospital refuses to treat them.
November 6, 1909
Colored Alabamian reports that a Black wagon driver in Montgomery, Alabama, was shot dead because he did not “drive as far to the right as a white man thought he should.”
November 5, 2010
Police officer Johannes Mehserle is sentenced to two years for fatally shooting Black 22-year-old Oscar Grant III in the back while he was facedown on a train platform in Oakland, California.
November 4, 1890
Benjamin Tillman, a white supremacist who advocated violence against Black voters and opposed education for African Americans, is elected governor of South Carolina.
November 3, 2000
Alabama repeals 1901 state constitutional ban on interracial marriage, although a majority of white voters favor keeping the ban.
November 2, 2004
Alabama voters reject constitutional amendment that would remove from state constitution a provision requiring separate schools for “white and colored children.”
November 1, 1879
U.S. opens Pennsylvania school to force Native American children to assimilate.
November 1, 1831
Choctaw Nation begins forced march from Mississippi to Oklahoma; 1 in 3 die in “Trail of Tears.”