June 2, 1777

Vermont becomes the first territory to abolish slavery, followed by New England territories north of Delaware that implement “gradual abolition” laws.

July 1, 1839

Africans aboard the slave ship Amistad seize control and order crew to sail to Africa but arrive to the United States to face murder and piracy charges. They are later acquitted and returned to their homeland.

June 29, 1958

Bethel Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, pastored by civil rights activist Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth, is bombed.

June 28, 1844

After slavery is declared illegal in Oregon, the state this week passes first laws prohibiting Black people from residing in state and authorizing whipping of Black people found there.

June 27, 1973

Two young Black girls, Minnie (14) and Mary Alice Relf (12) sue a health clinic in Montgomery, Alabama for sterilizing them without their knowledge or consent.

June 26, 2011

White teens kill James Craig Anderson, a Black man, in a hate crime in Jackson, Mississippi.

June 25, 1964

Hundreds attack anti-segregation march in St. Augustine, Florida, injuring more than 50 African-American protestors.

June 24, 2013

This week, Kimberly McCarthy becomes the 500th person executed by the state of Texas since 1972; more than half of those executed have been people of color.