August 6, 1965

More than a century after Black Americans are granted voting rights, the federal Voting Rights Act is enacted to enforce and protect those rights.

August 5, 2014

Black workers at Memphis, Tennessee, cotton gin file discrimination lawsuits after white supervisor uses racial slurs and threatens to hand them for drinking from “white” water fountain.

August 4, 1964

Bodies of murdered civil rights workers Michael Schwerner, James Chaney, and Andrew Goodman are discovered in a Mississippi dam, nearly two months after their disappearance.

August 3, 2019

Suspected white nationalist commits mass shooting in El Paso, Texas, killing 22 people and wounding 24.

August 2, 1900

North Carolina voters overwhelmingly approve amendment to disenfranchise African Americans as part of a statewide campaign to intimidate Black registered voters.

August 1, 1944

In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 6000 white transit employees strike after eight Black men begin training as motormen on street cars, a job that had been reserved for white men only.

July 31, 1919

After a Black teenager is killed for drifting into a “white” section of Lake Michigan, Black protests in Chicago are met with white violence and days of riots.

July 29, 1917

Newspapers report that, one day earlier, 10,000 African Americans staged a silent march through New York City to protest racial violence in the U.S.

July 28, 1868

Government announces ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, which establishes Black citizenship but allows states to ban voters with criminal convictions, leading to continued racialized disenfranchisement.